The Silver Scrolls are older than the Dead Sea Scrolls

The Silver Scrolls are two small amulets made of real silver. They were discovered in 1979 at Ketef Hinnom, an archaeological site southwest of the Old City of Jerusalem. The major importance of these scrolls is that they are the oldest copies of scripture, older than the Dead Sea Scrolls. 

They contain a variation of the Priestly Blessing, found in Numbers 6:24-26. The scrolls were dated paleographically to the late 7th or early 6th century BCE, placing them in the First Temple period.

The Priestly Blessing is a Hebrew prayer found in Numbers 6:22-27. The Lord said to Moses, “Tell Aaron and his sons, ‘This is how you are to bless the Israelites. Say to them: 

"The Lord bless you and keep you; the Lord make his face shine on you and be gracious to you; the Lord turn his face toward you and give you peace".

The Silver Scrolls provide evidence that the bible text has been copied multiple times over the millennia and has remained unchanged. 

Silver Scroll documentary

Wine in Biblical teaching

Wine as a symbol of joy, celebration and abundance

In the teachings of Jesus, wine is often used as a symbol of joy, celebration, and abundance. In the New Testament, Jesus is recorded as turning water into wine at a wedding feast in Cana, demonstrating his ability to perform miracles and his desire to bring joy and celebration to people's lives.

Wine as a symbol of Jesus blood

Additionally, in the Last Supper, Jesus used wine as a symbol of his blood, which was shed for the forgiveness of sins. This act of drinking wine together became the basis of the Christian practice of Communion or the Eucharist. 

New wine as new and revolutionary teaching

Jesus used the metaphor of new wine to describe the new and revolutionary nature of his teachings and mission. In the Gospels, Jesus says, "No one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins." (Mark 2:22, NIV).

In this metaphor, the new wine represents the radical nature of Jesus' teachings and the transformative power of his message. Just as new wine cannot be contained in old wineskins, Jesus' teachings cannot be contained within the old religious systems and traditions of his time. His teachings emphasized love, mercy, and compassion, and challenged the religious and social norms of his time. He invited people to embrace a new way of living, one that focused on a personal relationship with God and caring for others.

Did Jesus drink wine?

It is worth noting that wine was a common beverage in Jesus' time, and it was often consumed in moderation as a part of everyday life. While the Bible does not provide a definitive answer on whether Jesus drank wine, it is possible that he did, in moderation and in the context of cultural practices of his time.

Shuttle Walk Test vs 6 Minute Walk Test

My clinic has a corridor of only 15 meters. Need to find out the most appropriate walk test to evaluate the functional capacity of a person. This is what I found out.

The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the shuttle walk test (SWT) are both exercise tests that can be used to measure an individual's exercise tolerance and functional capacity. However, there are some key differences between the two tests.

Test protocol: The 6MWT involves walking as far as possible for 6 minutes along a flat, straight, and unobstructed corridor, usually 30 meters long. In contrast, the SWT involves walking back and forth along a shorter distance, usually 10-15 meters, for a set period of time, such as 1-3 minutes.

Turnarounds: In the 6MWT, the participant turns around at the end of the 30-meter corridor and continues walking in the opposite direction. In the SWT, the participant turns around at the end of the shorter distance and walks back in the opposite direction.

Pace: In the 6MWT, the participant can choose their own pace and may slow down or stop if needed, while in the SWT, the pace is set by a pre-recorded audio signal that gradually increases the speed of walking.

Performance measures: The primary outcome measure in the 6MWT is the total distance walked in meters in 6 minutes. In the SWT, the primary outcome measure is the number of shuttles completed in the set time period.

Clinical use: The 6MWT is commonly used in clinical settings to assess exercise tolerance and functional capacity in individuals with chronic lung diseases, heart failure, and other conditions that affect exercise capacity. The SWT is commonly used to evaluate exercise capacity in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and peripheral artery disease.

In summary, both the 6MWT and the SWT can be used to assess exercise tolerance and functional capacity, but they have different test protocols, primary outcome measures, and clinical uses. It's important to use the appropriate test for the individual and condition being evaluated.

More details on how to perform the SWT:

The Shuttle Walk Test (SWT) is a modified version of the 6-minute walk test, which involves walking back and forth between two markers that are set at a shorter distance. Here are the general steps to perform the Shuttle Walk Test:

• Set up the test area: The test area should be a flat and unobstructed corridor or hallway that is 10-15 meters long. Two markers should be set at each end of the corridor, spaced 9-10 meters apart.
• Measure vital signs: Measure the participant's vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation, before the test.
• Warm-up: The participant should warm up by walking at an easy pace for a few minutes.
• Test instructions: Explain the test instructions and demonstrate the walking pattern to the participant.
• Audio signal: Start the audio signal or use a stopwatch to keep track of the time. The audio signal should gradually increase the walking speed every minute or every 2 minutes.
• Walking pattern: The participant should start walking from one marker to the other marker and back, and should touch the marker or turn around at each end. The walking speed should be set by the audio signal, and the participant should try to keep up with the speed as long as possible.
• Test completion: The test is completed when the participant can no longer keep up with the audio signal or when they have completed the required number of shuttles. Record the number of shuttles completed and the time taken to complete the test.
• Measure vital signs: Measure the participant's vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation, after the test.
• Cool-down: The participant should cool down by walking at an easy pace for a few minutes.